I’ve also dealt with classification issues on submarines
I have never heard of a copier with a hard drive. Not ruling out the possibility of there being one in all the world of electronics, but it’s unlikely. It would be an added cost and additional parts for no good reason.
However , there is a security issue with older copiers. Copiers used to use cylinders coated with selenium (a light reactive metal) to transfer the image from the original to the copier paper. Images of past copies could be lifted from this selenium drum. Therefore the classified copier on board (used mostly by the nuclear trained personnel) had special procedures. One was that when a drum had to be replaced, the old drum was handled as having classified data. Not sure what specifically that entailed; I just changed the drum and handed it off to the radio guys.
Nowadays I’m pretty sure that all copiers are digital, and any copy scanned is just ones and zeroes in a memory chip.
Live and learn; I decided to do research after writing the above. It turns out I’m 💯 wrong. Many modern copiers actually do have hard drives.
“Ready, fire, aim!” 
My apologies.
All that being said, our government did run a scam on a Russian office (embassy?) back in the 50s or 60s. They managed to insert a film camera into the copier that handled classified information. It took a picture of everything that got copied. Then, when they suspected the film had run out, they sent a maintenance technician back for “maintenance “ and retrieved the film.
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