2016 Postmortem

Any *one* of which could account for the narrow margins in various battleground states.

Again, working class voters as a whole favored Clinton. But reasons already enumerated (none of which include economic messaging) account for why Clinton didn't do as well as Obama (a rare political star), such as the simple fact that people have been hating Clinton for decades (her message is irrelevant for those who never were going to vote for her). And the fact that Obama was replacing a highly unpopular Bush Administration (a party doesn't often control the White House for more than 2 consecutive terms).

If working class whites have much different expectations than working class persons of color, one should consider why that is. But one need not "consider" for very long.